هل تبدو الصين “قوة عظمى غير مكتملة”؟

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China idakali m’modzi mwa mayiko omwe akutukuka kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, koma malinga ndi kufotokozera kowonjezereka mu kusanthula kwachuma, ikuwonedwabe ngati “mphamvu yosakwanira,” poganizira kusiyana komwe kulipo pakati pa United States ndi United States ponena za ulamuliro wachuma padziko lonse.

Ngakhale kukula kwa mafakitale ndi malonda ku Beijing, komanso utsogoleri wake mu … Unyolo wapadziko lonse lapansiPakatikati pa mphamvu yokoka muzachuma chapadziko lonse lapansi pakadali pa dollarMisika yazachuma yaku USzomwe zimapereka mphamvu ku Washington kupitirira kukula kwa chuma chake chenicheni.

M’malo mwake, amakumana Yuan yaku China Pali zoletsa zomveka bwino panjira yake yapadziko lonse lapansi, ngakhale ikukula mwachangu, chifukwa cha kutseguka kochepa kwa akaunti yayikulu komanso kuzama kofooka kwa Misika yazachuma Poyerekeza ndi mnzake waku America, izi zimachepetsa kuthekera kwa China kusintha mphamvu zake zopanga kukhala zofananira zachuma.

Pomwe Beijing ikupitiliza kukulitsa zida zake zandalama ndikukulitsa kupezeka kwake kwamalonda padziko lonse lapansi, mphamvu yamagetsi imakhalabe yosakwanira, pokhapokha ngati itakwanitsa kuthana ndi dongosolo lazachuma lomwe likupatsabe United States malo otsogola pazachuma padziko lonse lapansi.

Munkhaniyi, lipoti laposachedwa la Financial Times likuwonetsa kusiyana komwe kulipo pakati pa United States ndi China pankhani ya “mpikisano pazachuma,” ponena kuti “China ikuwona kusakhazikika, zomwe zimalola United States kudzilamulira yokha.”

Dongosolo lachi China lolipira ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi limatsutsana ndi ulamuliro wapadziko lonse lapansi wa SWIFT

M’mbiri, kusiyana kwa mphamvu zachuma pakati pa mayiko awiri akuluakulu azachuma padziko lapansi sikunayambe kufalikira kwambiri, malinga ndi lipotilo, lomwe linanena kuti pofufuza mndandanda wa maufumu, kuchokera ku United States kupyolera mu Britain, France ndi Netherlands, mpaka kufika m’zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu, zikuwoneka kuti “mphamvu yowonjezereka nthawi zambiri imamanga kupambana kwakukulu kuchokera kunkhondo kupita ku malonda,” pamene. China Amawoneka wachitsanzo chabwino m’chilichonse kupatula pazachuma.

Mosiyana ndi ndalama zopikisana, zakale ndi zamakono, yuan ikadali kutali ndi kutembenuzidwa kwathunthu, ndipo sichinafikire kufalikira kwakukulu ngati ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Nthawi zambiri, ufumu ukayamba kulemera, ndalama zake zimayamba kukhala ndi gawo lochulukirapo la nkhokwe zamabanki apakati. Koma ngakhale China Kuyimira 17 peresenti ya GDP yapadziko lonse lapansi, yuan imangopanga pafupifupi 2 peresenti ya nkhokwe zamabanki apakati, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti China ili m’mbuyo zaka 30 mpaka 40 poyerekeza ndi mphamvu zazikulu zam’mbuyomu zomwe zinali pamlingo wofananira.

Lipotilo likuwonjezera kuti zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa malonda: pamene mphamvu ikukwera ikupita patsogolo, dziko limayamba kuvomereza malipiro ochulukirapo mu ndalama zake, ngakhale m’mapangano omwe mphamvuyo siili yolunjika. Britain, pachimake cha chikoka chake, idatenga 40 peresenti ya malonda apadziko lonse lapansi, pomwe 60 peresenti ya zolipira zamalonda zidapangidwa ndi mapaundi okwera. Koma China, ngakhale ili ndi gawo lotsogola la 15 peresenti ya … Malonda apadziko lonse2 peresenti yokha ya ma invoice amalonda ndi mtengo wa yuan.

Kuchepetsa mphamvu yaku America

Kwa iye, Michel Salibi, katswiri wamkulu wazachuma ku FXPro, adauza Eqtisad Sky News Arabia:

• China Zikuoneka kuti sizingatheke pakali pano kugonjetsa dziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku United States of America.
• Koma Beijing imatha kuchepetsa mphamvu zaku America pazachuma ndikukankhira pang’onopang’ono ku dongosolo ladziko lonse lapansi.
• China ili ndi mphamvu zazikulu; Makamaka, ndiye malo opangira mafakitale akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza pazamalonda ambiri, komanso kuchuluka kwapamwamba mu … Unyolo wogulitsamphamvu zoyera, Ndipo mabatirendi mchere wosowa, komanso kukula kwakukulu kwa chuma chake, chomwe chimaposa Economy yaku America Muzinthu zina zokhudzana ndi mphamvu yogula.

Akunena kuti dziko la United States likukhalabe pamwamba pa mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa katundu wamba (..) akugogomezera kuti mphamvu za United States sizidalira kukula kwachuma, komanso mphamvu. Dola America, kuya kwa misika yazachuma yaku America, masheya ndi ma bond, kuwonjezera paukadaulo waukadaulo, mayunivesite, ndi mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Iye akuwonjezera kuti Dola Dziko la US likulamulirabe nkhokwe zapadziko lonse lapansi (..) pomwe gawo la yuan yaku China likadali lochepa, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukhudzidwa kwachuma ku US padziko lonse lapansi.

Salibi akumaliza nkhani yake ponena kuti:

• China imatha kutsutsa chikoka cha America pazamalonda, mafakitale, ndi ukadaulo, ndipo mwina kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa America hegemony, koma kuzichotsa kwathunthu kumakhalabe kokayikitsa pakadali pano.
• United States ipitilirabe kutsogolera dongosolo lapadziko lonse lapansi, pomwe China ikutsogola kwambiri pakupanga ndi malonda, ndi maulamuliro akulu omwe akufuna kulinganiza ziwirizi.

Dola Ndipo yuan

Malinga ndi kalozera wa Federal Reserve wokhudza kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa dziko lonse kwa ndalama zazikulu m’malonda, ndalama, ngongole ndi zochitika zina zazikulu, kuyambira m’chaka cha 2000, gawo la yuan m’ndandanda imeneyi lakwera pang’onopang’ono kuchoka pa ziro kufika pa 2.5 peresenti yokha.

Ndizodabwitsa kuti kufalikira kwa dola kumapangitsa kuti dziko la United States lizitha kuyang’anira dongosolo lapadziko lonse lapansi m’njira zingapo. Kufunika kwakukulu kwa dola kumachepetsa ndalama zobwereka ku US ndikulola Washington kukhalabe ndi chiwongola dzanja chachikulu mosalekeza. Palibe dziko lina lomwe likusangalala ndi mwayi umenewu kapena kukopa kwa mayiko omwe amapereka. Popeza kuti dziko la United States ndi limene limayang’anira ndondomeko ya zachuma imene anthu ambiri amayendera, mobwerezabwereza yatha kukakamiza maiko powalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera chuma padziko lonse.

Koma kumbali ina, malipoti aku China akuwonetsa kuti yuan ikukula mofulumira, ndipo malinga ndi South China Morning Post:

• Yuan Ikukula mwachangu ngati gwero lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi.
• Thumba la chuma cha dziko la Kazakhstan lakhala bungwe loyamba lazachuma kuchokera ku Central Asia kupereka ngongole za yuan – zokwana 3 biliyoni (US $ 440 miliyoni) – pamsika waku China.
• Pakadali pano, mu mtundu wake woyamba m’maiko a eurozone, Portugal idagulitsa ngongole zazaka zisanu ndi zitatu zokwana yuan biliyoni 1.99 pamsika wam’mphepete mwa nyanja ya yuan. Bungwe la ngongole la Chipwitikizi lidalongosola kuti ma bond awa, omwe amadziwika kuti “dim sum bond,” akufuna kusiyanitsa ndalama zomwe amapeza ndikuchepetsa chiwongola dzanja. Kuyesa kwa dziko la Portugal kulowa mumsika wamsika wa yuan bond kutsata kutulutsa kwawo ma yuan bond mu 2019, omwe amadziwikanso kuti “panda bond.”

Lipoti la nsanja yaku China likuwonetsa kuti kuyambira pomwe vuto langongole la euro zone laposachedwa, ubale wachuma pakati pa China ndi Portugal walimba. Mayiko ena aku Europe akuganiza zolimbitsa ubale wawo pazachuma ndi China potengera momwe Washington ikuchulukirachulukira komanso nkhanza zamalonda ndi mfundo zakunja. Chipwitikizi cha dim sum bond chikhoza kukhala chizindikiro chamayendedwe ofanana.

Zigawo za ku America … ndale ndi zachuma

Kuphatikiza apo, katswiri wazokhudza nkhani zaku China Dr. Jaafar Al-Husseinawy akuti ku tsamba la “Eqtisad Sky News Arabia”:

• China, ngakhale kukwera kwake kwachuma mwachangu, sikungathe kuthana ndi vuto lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku United States of America posachedwa, chifukwa chazovuta komanso zolumikizana zamalingaliro, zachuma, komanso zankhondo.
• United States ili ndi maziko amphamvu azachuma omwe ndi ovuta kusuntha, kuwonjezera pa kugwirizana kwakukulu kwachuma ndi chuma chachikulu cha dziko lapansi, makamaka chuma cha ku Ulaya, kuphatikizapo maubwenzi apamtima omwe amagwirizanitsa Washington ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha mayiko achitatu omwe ali olemera mu zopangira ndi zofunikira zachuma.
• United States ilinso ndi malo opangira mafakitale akuluakulu komanso apamwamba omwe ndi ovuta kufananiza, kuphatikiza pakukhala ndi gulu lankhondo lalikulu komanso lamphamvu lomwe lili ndi zida zaposachedwa zankhondo, matekinoloje ankhondo, ndi ukatswiri wankhondo, zomwe zimatsimikizira kutetezedwa kwa chuma chake padziko lonse lapansi.

Al-Husseinawy akuwonjezera kuti chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika kwambiri pamphamvu ya United States ndikukhala ndi katundu wambiri … golideKuphatikiza pa kupitilirabe kulamulira kwa dola m’misika yazachuma padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza kuwongolera kwake kwakukulu … Misika yandalama ndi kusinthanitsa ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Ananenanso kuti dziko la United States lili ndi chuma chambiri chamchere, makamaka mafuta, kuphatikiza madera akuluakulu aulimi omwe amalima mbewu zofunika kwambiri monga tirigu ndi mpunga, zomwe zimakulitsa chuma chake komanso thanzi padziko lonse lapansi.

Al-Husseinawy akufotokoza kuti mfundozi pamodzi zimapangitsa United States kukhala mphamvu yaikulu yazachuma yomwe imakhala yovuta kuitsutsa kwakanthawi kochepa, koma nthawi yomweyo akuwonetsa kuti China ikuyimira “chimphona chachuma chomwe chikukwera” chomwe chingathe kuchepetsa pang’onopang’ono kusiyana, makamaka ndi kutuluka kwa mabungwe azachuma padziko lonse omwe akufuna kutsutsa chuma cha America, monga Brix Ndipo Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.

Kodi ulendo wa Trump ku Beijing unalephera?

Ngongole yaku America…ndi tsogolo la dollar

Kumbali ina, “American hegemony” ilibe zovuta zamphamvu. Pamene boma la America likukonzekera kusunga ulamuliro wa dola, dziko la China likuchitapo kanthu kuti liwonjezere mphamvu ya yuan padziko lonse.

Malinga ndi lipoti la New York Times, nkhaŵa za zimenezi zikuwonjezereka Ngongole yaku US Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zilango kupatulira adani ake ku dongosolo lazachuma lakumadzulo kumadzetsa kukayikira za chitetezo cha dola ngati ndalama yosungira padziko lonse lapansi. Zodetsa nkhawa izi zapangitsa kuti kufunikira kwa golide kuchuluke komanso kuchuluka kwazomwe zikuchitika Mafuta Pogwiritsa ntchito ma cryptocurrencies kapena ndalama zaku China, yuan.

Kutsika kwa mphamvu ya dola kudzabweretsa vuto ku chuma cha US, koma masabata apitawa dziko la United States lachitapo kanthu pofuna kulimbikitsa udindo wa ndalama yake. Njirayi idakhazikika pazokambirana pakati pa olamulira a Trump ndi mayiko angapo a Gulf ndi Asia okhudzana ndi kuthekera kwa United States kuyambitsa mizere yosinthira ndalama. Mapanganowa adzayendetsedwa kudzera ku Treasury Department kapena Reserve Board FederalKuwonetsetsa kuti ogwirizana aku US alandila ndalama zokwanira dola yaku US, zomwe zimachepetsa kufunikira kwawo ku China yuan kapena ndalama zina, malinga ndi nyuzipepala yaku America.

Pluralism ndi balance

M’malo mwake, mtolankhani komanso katswiri waku China, Suad Yai Xinhua, adauza tsamba la “Eqtesad Sky News Arabia”:

• Poganizira kukula kwachuma cha China komanso kuthekera kwake pakuwonjezeka kwachuma … Zopanga zamakonoKuphatikiza pa kusinthika kwakukulu komwe kumawonedwa pamapangidwe amakampani apadziko lonse lapansi ndi ma chain chain, funso lakhala, “Kodi China ingawononge chuma chapadziko lonse lapansi kuchokera ku United States?” Nkhani yochititsa chidwi kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
• Zowona zikuwonetsa kuti ubale wapakati pa China ndi United States suli “wolowa m’malo ndi m’malo” mwachikhalidwe. M’malo mwake, dongosolo lazachuma lapadziko lonse lapansi likuyenda pang’onopang’ono kuchoka ku unilateral hegemony motsogozedwa ndi United States kupita kuzinthu zambiri komanso zofananira.
• United States ikadali ndi zabwino zambiri m’malo Dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansiluso la sayansi ndi zamakono, mafakitale apamwamba, ndi kupanga malamulo apadziko lonse, kuphatikizapo kulamulira kwa dola monga ndalama yaikulu yosungiramo ndalama padziko lapansi.
• mphamvu Misika yazachuma yaku US Makampani akuluakulu aukadaulo komanso udindo waku America mkati Mabungwe azachuma padziko lonse lapansizonsezi zimapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuloŵa m’malo mwa United States posachedwapa.

Kumbali inayi, imatsimikizira kuti chuma cha China chikukwera nthawi zonse, itakhala yachiwiri pachuma padziko lonse lapansi, komanso dziko lalikulu kwambiri pazamalonda amalonda, pomwe thandizo lake lalikulu pakukula kwachuma padziko lonse lapansi likupitilirabe. Ananenanso kuti China yawonetsa kupikisana kwakukulu pazamphamvu zatsopano, masitima othamanga kwambiri, ndi malonda apakompyutamalipiro a digito, ndi mapulogalamu nzeru zochita kupangandi zomangamanga.

Iye akuwonjezera kuti Belt ndi Road InitiativeKuphatikiza pakukula kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa yuan ya ku China padziko lonse lapansi, komanso kuzama kwa mgwirizano pazachuma ndi mayiko a Global South, zonsezi ndizinthu zomwe zikukankhira dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi kuti likhale lamitundumitundu komanso lambiri.

Suad Yi Xinhua akugogomezera kuti China nthawi zonse imagogomezera kuti cholinga chake sikufuna “kulowa m’malo” dziko lililonse kapena kufunafuna ulamuliro, koma kukakamiza kumanga dongosolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi, pofotokoza kuti Beijing nthawi zonse imabwereza kuti dziko lapansi likukulitsa chitukuko cha mgwirizano pakati pa China ndi United States, komanso kuti mgwirizano ndi kupindulana ndikwabwino kuposa kuganiza za kusamvana kwa ziro.

Anamaliza kunena kuti tsogolo lazachuma padziko lonse lapansi silingakhazikike pa kusamuka kwathunthu kwa United States, koma kupitilira mphamvu kwa United States molingana ndi kukwera kwa China komanso kufulumira kwa zochitika zapadziko lonse lapansi, akugogomezera kuti utsogoleri wachuma padziko lonse lapansi sungoyesedwa ndi kukula kwachuma, komanso ndi kuthekera kwa dziko, kukhazikika, kukulitsa luso lachitukuko, kukulitsa luso lachitukuko, kukulitsa luso lachitukuko ndi chitukuko. pamlingo wapadziko lonse lapansi.

Shaqfa: Mpikisano pakati pa America ndi China panzeru zopangira ukukulirakulira