ما هي الدول الآسيوية الأكثر تأثراً بأزمة الطاقة؟

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Mavuto akuchulukirachulukira pazachuma ku Asia pomwe vuto la mphamvu zamagetsi likukulirakulira, pomwe mayiko monga India, Japan, South Korea ndi Philippines akukumana ndi chimphepocho. Poganizira kudalira kwakukulu kwa mafuta ndi gasi ochokera kunja komwe kumadutsa njira imodzi yovuta kwambiri yapanyanja padziko lapansi, Strait of Hormuz, yomwe yakhala ikugwidwa ndi mikangano ya geopolitical yokhudzana ndi nkhondo ndi Iran.

Zomwe zikuchitika pano zikuwonetsa kufooka kwa mtundu wamagetsi Asiazomwe kwenikweni zakhazikitsidwa Tengani Kukwaniritsa zofunikira zazachuma zazikulu komanso zomwe zikukula mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kusokonekera kulikonse Unyolo wogulitsa Kapena mkulu Ndalama zotumizira Inshuwaransi ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri chomwe zotsatira zake zimayambira ku bajeti za boma kupita kumitengo yopangira zinthu ndi mitengo yazinthu, ndikuyika mayiko monga … singapore Hong Kong ikukumana mwachindunji ndi kusinthasintha Misika yapadziko lonse lapansi.

Nkhondo yomwe ikupitirirabe ndi zoopseza zozungulira zomwe zingawopsyeze mphamvu zamagetsi zimapereka zenizeni zovuta kwambiri pamene zikupita patsogolo Maboma aku Asia Pakati pa kukhala ndi mantha kwakanthawi kochepa komanso kufunafuna njira zina zogwirira ntchito pakanthawi yayitali, pomwe zenizeni za kudalira kwambiri … Mphamvu Kudutsa mu Strait of Hormuz ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika momwe chuma chikuyendera mu kontinenti yonse.

Mayiko aku Asia ali patsogolo pa omwe akhudzidwa

Lipoti la Fox Business likuwonetsa kuti:

• Asia Ili patsogolo pa mayiko omwe akhudzidwa ndi Mavuto a mphamvu; Pafupifupi maiko ake onse akuvutika ndi kusowa kwakukulu kwa zinthu.
• Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu Mafuta padziko lonse lapansi kudzera Mtsinje wa HormuzPafupifupi 80 peresenti ya izo zikupita ku Asia, malinga ndi International Energy Agency.
• Pamene Iran ikukana kutsegula Strait, Asia ikufuna kuchepetsa chipwirikiti ndipo ikukakamizika kuchitapo kanthu monga kukumbukira nthawi ya COVID-19.
• Asia ndiyomwe ili pachiwopsezo kwambiri chifukwa chodalira kwambiri zinthu zochokera kunja, ndalama zofooka, komanso kuchulukana kwa anthu. Zotsatirazi zinafikira mabanja mwamsanga.
• Mkanganowu wasokoneza magawo ambiri, kuyambira paulendo wandege ndi kutumiza mpaka kugasi. Anthu akuvutika kuti apereke chakudya, ndipo makampani m’magawo osiyanasiyana akukumana ndi vuto pomwe kutulutsa kwa LPG kukuchepa.

Zipolowe zomwe zafala kwambiri zakhudza makamaka South Asia, yomwe imadalira kwambiri mafuta aku Middle East. India, yomwe imatumiza pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya mafuta ake osakanizika ndi pafupifupi theka la gasi wake wachilengedwe kuchokera kunja, ndipo ili yachitatu pamakampani ogulitsa komanso ogula mafuta padziko lonse lapansi, yakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Mu sitepe yatsopano yomwe ikuwonetsa kufooka kwa zinthu, zidanenedwa kuti kampani yaku India Reliance Industries, yomwe imagwira ntchito yoyenga mafuta padziko lonse lapansi, idagula migolo 5 miliyoni yamafuta aku Iran. Mgwirizanowu ndi woyamba kugula mtundu wake ku India kuyambira 2019, ndipo umabwera patatha masiku angapo United States itachotsa zilango kwakanthawi.

Lipotilo likuwonjezera kuti:

• Ngakhale kuti mayiko aku South Asia akumva kukhudzidwa kwambiri pabanja, Japan ndi South Korea akukumana ndi zovuta zina.
• Mayiko awiri akum’mawa kwa Asia akukakamizidwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa zinthu zomwe zimachokera kunja, zomwe zikukakamiza mafakitale kuti achepetse ntchito komanso maboma kuti alowe m’malo osungira mwadzidzidzi.
• Japan, yomwe imaitanitsa mafuta opitilira 90 peresenti kuchokera kuderali, yayamba kugwiritsa ntchito nkhokwe zake. South Korea ikuganiza zokhoza kumasula zosungira zake ndikuchita njira zothandizira mwadzidzidzi.
• Mosiyana ndi India, maiko onsewa ali ndi ndalama zambiri komanso mphamvu zosungirako mphamvu, zomwe zimawalola kuti achepetse zovuta zomwe zimachitika posachedwa ngakhale kuti ziwopsezo zamapangidwe zimakhalabe zazikulu.

Kunyanyala ntchito kukukulirakuliranso m’maiko ambiri, monga India ndi Bangladesh Ndipo Philippinesndi kukhumudwa kwambiri. Mphekesera zomwe zimafalikira pa intaneti zimakulitsa chipwirikiti ndikupangitsa anthu kuthamangira kugula katundu. M’maiko ena, monga ku India, apolisi amaikidwa m’malo okwerera mafuta.

Dziko la Philippines lidakhalanso dziko loyamba kulengeza za ngozi yadzidzidzi mderali Mphamvukuchenjeza za “chiwopsezo choyandikira cha kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa magetsi.” Chilumbachi chimaitanitsa 98 peresenti ya mafuta ake kuchokera kuderali.

Kulimbikitsana kwa Asia

Pansi pa mutu wakuti “Asia ikukonzekera zochitika zoopsa kwambiri pamene nkhondo ndi Iran ikupitirira,” lipoti la Bloomberg likusonyeza kuti:

• Maboma ku Asia akukonzekera zovuta zamphamvu zomwe zitha kuphatikizira kutha kwa nthawi yayitali komanso koopsa, ngakhale United States ikupanga mapulani othetsa nkhondo ku Iran.
• South Korea idakhala tcheru Lachitatu, ndikukhazikitsa gulu lazachuma ladzidzidzi kuti likonzekere mwachangu zovuta zilizonse. Dziko la Philippines lidalengeza za ngozi yapadziko lonse, ponena za “chiwopsezo choyandikira cha kuchepa kwamphamvu kwa magetsi.”
• Japan ikuwunikanso njira zonse zogulitsira zinthu zokhudzana ndi mafuta amafuta ndi kuthekera komwe kukuchulukirachulukira kwa kuchepa komanso zovuta pazachuma, pomwe Prime Minister waku India Narendra Modi adachenjeza kuti nkhondoyi ingayambitse zovuta zomwe sizinachitikepo mdzikolo.

Pasanathe mwezi umodzi kuchokera pamene mkangano unayambika, mayiko akhala atcheru, akuwonetsa kufunikira kwa Strait of Hormuz kuti mphamvu ziyende padziko lonse lapansi. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo anayi a malonda a mafuta oyenda panyanja padziko lonse amadutsa mumsewu wamadzi wautali wa makilomita 160 umenewu, limodzinso ndi katundu wina wambiri, ndipo zambiri zake zimapita ku Asia. Iran ili pamwamba pa strait, ndipo yatseka bwino zombo zonse koma zovomerezeka.

Lipotilo linagwira mawu a Peter Mumford, wamkulu wa division ya Southeast Asia at risk management consultancy Eurasia Group, kuti:

• “Derali lili pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mikangano yomwe yatenga nthawi yayitali komanso kugwedezeka kwamitengo yamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi.”
• “Nkhawa ikukulirakulira pazovuta zina zachuma, kuphatikiza kuyimitsidwa kwa ndege, zombo zasodzi kuimitsidwa, komanso ntchito zokopa alendo zikuwonongeka.”

Kugwedezeka kwapadziko lonse

Katswiri wazachuma, Mohamed Saeed, akutsimikizira tsamba la “Iqtisad Sky News Arabia” kuti:

• Kontinenti ya Asia imatengedwa kuti ndiyomwe yakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zotsatira za vutoli, chifukwa chodalira Middle East kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zake zambiri zamagetsi.
• Japan ili kutsogolo kwa mayiko osalimba kwambiri, chifukwa imadalira kuitanitsa mafuta opitilira 90 peresenti ya zosowa zake zamafuta kuderali, kusowa kwa njira zina zakumaloko, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ichoke m’malo osungiramo zinthu zake ndikuwunikanso maunyolo ake, pomwe akuopa kuti zigawo zazikulu monga zamagalimoto ndi zamagetsi zitha kukhudzidwa komanso kukwera kwamitengo komwe kukuvutikira kale.

• South Korea Idalengeza za ngozi ndipo idakhazikitsa magulu azachuma, makamaka chifukwa chodalira kwambiri zogula kuchokera kunja Gasi wamadzimadzi Kuchokera kuderali kuti agwiritse ntchito mafakitale ofunikira, omwe ayamba kukakamiza phindu la magawo monga petrochemicals ndi shipbuilding.
• ChinaNgakhale kuti ndi yogulitsa mphamvu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, imakhala ndi mphamvu zochulukirapo chifukwa cha nkhokwe zokwana masiku oposa 100, kuphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zochokera ku Russia, Africa ndi Latin America, zomwe zimachepetsa zotsatira zachindunji, ngakhale zikuwonekera ngati kuchepa kwachibale kwa mafakitale ndi kukwera mtengo kwa ntchito, ndi kubwerera kwakanthawi, komwe kumalepheretsa kudalirana.

Saeed akuwonetsa kuti vutoli lapangitsanso mwayi wopeza ndalama, makamaka m’gawo lamagetsi ongowonjezwdwa ku China, lomwe lawona kuchira kodabwitsa ndi kufunikira kowonjezereka kwa njira zina zokhazikika.

Ponena za India, akufotokoza kuti akukumana ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa chodalira kuitanitsa mafuta ofunikira kunja, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti boma lichitepo kanthu mwamsanga kuti likonzenso mphamvu zamagetsi ku gawo la nyumba, zomwe zinakhudza kwambiri magawo monga malo odyera ndi kuchereza alendo, ndi mantha a kuwonongeka kwa chithandizo cha boma ndi kuchepa kwa ndalama.

Amasonyezanso kuti mayiko monga Indonesia akukumana ndi mavuto owonjezereka azachuma omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa komanso ndalama zothandizira, makamaka chifukwa cha kufunikira kwakukulu kwa nyengo, zomwe zimawopseza kuperewera kwa bajeti kupitirira malire alamulo.

Iye akutsimikizira kuti mayiko ena afika pa siteji ya nthawi yomweyo suffocation, monga Philippines, amene analengeza mwadzidzidzi mphamvu, ndi Bangladesh, amene anaika miyeso okhwima kugawira, kuwonjezera pa Pakistan, amene anakweza mitengo mafuta kwambiri ndi akuyendera pulogalamu magetsi kuzimitsa.

Ananenanso kuti mayiko ena, monga Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, ndi Thailand, akukumana ndi mavuto ofanana chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa nkhokwe ndi kudalira kwambiri katundu wochokera kunja, zomwe zikuwopseza kusokoneza ntchito za mafakitale ndi kukweza mtengo wa moyo, pamene Singapore idakhudzidwa ndi kukwera mtengo kwa katundu ndi inshuwalansi ngakhale kuti ndi malo oyeretsera mafuta padziko lonse lapansi.

Saeed amamaliza zolankhula zake potsindika kuti vutoli lavumbulutsa kufooka kwa chitetezo champhamvu ku Asia, ndikugogomezera kuti kuthana ndi vutoli kumafuna kufulumizitsa kusintha kwa mphamvu zina, kupititsa patsogolo kusiyanasiyana kwazinthu, ndikuchepetsa kudalira kwambiri mafuta ochokera kuderali.

Singapore ndi Hong Kong

Kuphatikiza apo, lipoti lomwe lidatulutsidwa mu Marichi paziwopsezo zamagetsi akuwonetsa kuti singapore Ndilo dziko lomwe lili pachiwopsezo kwambiri ngati litagwa Misika yapadziko lonse yamagetsi; Zoposa 97 peresenti ya mphamvu za Singapore zimachokera ku mafuta oyaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzikolo lisakhale ndi njira ina ngati gasi kapena mafuta obwera kunja asokonezedwa.

Lipoti lofalitsidwa ndi nsanja ya Eureporter, yochokera ku kafukufuku watsopano wopangidwa ndi magazini ya Energy World, imasonyeza kuti ndi mayiko ati omwe adzakumane ndi zovuta zazikulu ngati katundu wamagetsi amasiya mwadzidzidzi, atatha kufufuza maiko a 75 kudutsa zinthu zisanu ndi ziwiri zosiyana kuti adziwe kuti ndi mayiko ati omwe amavutika kwambiri panthawi ya chipwirikiti cha mphamvu padziko lonse.

Izi zinaphatikizapo kuyeza momwe dziko lililonse likugawira mphamvu zopangira magetsi kumalo osiyanasiyana amafuta, osati kudalira kwambiri mtundu umodzi wokha. Lipotilo lidafotokozanso za kuchuluka kwamafuta odzipezera okha pazamagetsi, kufotokoza kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe mayiko amaitanitsa poyerekeza ndi zomwe amapangira mdziko muno. Kuonjezera apo, kafukufukuyu adatsata kudalira kwa mayiko olemera pa katundu wa gasi wachilengedwe. Maiko adapatsidwa ziwopsezo zoyambira pa 0 mpaka 100, pomwe manambala apamwamba akuwonetsa zoopsa zazikulu ngati mphamvu zawo zidasokonezedwa.

Mayiko aku Asia adakwera pamndandanda wa omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri malinga ndi lipotilo, pomwe Turkmenistan ili pamalo achiwiri pambuyo pa Singapore, ndikutsatiridwa ndi Hong Kong, yomwe ili yachitatu ngati imodzi mwamisika yodalira mphamvu zamagetsi padziko lonse lapansi.

• Mzindawu umaitanitsa mphamvu zochulukirapo 176 peresenti kuposa zomwe umapanga, kutanthauza kuti umadalira kwambiri mafuta ochokera kunja.
• Monga Singapore, Hong Kong imalandira pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya magetsi ake kuchokera ku … Mafuta amafutaImaitanitsa kunja zonse zofunikira zake za gasi.
• Izi zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa anthu kukhala pachiwopsezo nthawi iliyonse yomwe ogulitsa padziko lonse lapansi akumana ndi zosokoneza kapena aganiza zokweza mitengo.

Mndandandawu unaphatikizansopo Belarus, yomwe imatumiza 95 peresenti ya gasi wake wachilengedwe, zomwe zimayika dzikolo pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati Russia iganiza zochepetsa kuyenda kwamagetsi.

Lipotilo linati: “Kuvuta kwa magetsi m’chaka cha 2022 kukusonyeza kuti ngakhale mayiko olemera omwe ali ndi chuma chosiyanasiyana akhoza kukumana ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magetsi akamadalira kwambiri mafuta ochokera kunja. kupanga kwawo gasi.”

Mphamvu equation

Kwa iye, Pulofesa wa Economics ndi Mphamvu, Dr. Wafa Ali, adauza webusaiti ya “Eqtisad Sky News Arabia” kuti chiwerengero cha mphamvu ndi chuma cha padziko lonse chatha, chifukwa cha kusowa kwakukulu kwa zinthu, zomwe zimawoneka bwino pakugwira ntchito kwa chuma chambiri, makamaka ku Asia, chomwe chimadalira makamaka mphamvu za Gulf kudzera mu Strait of Hormuz.

Akufotokoza kuti pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya mafuta ochokera kunja kwa Japan amadutsa munjira yofunikayi, kuwonjezera pa gawo lalikulu la malonda ake apanyanja, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale limodzi mwa mayiko omwe akhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chisokonezo chilichonse kumeneko, ndikuzindikira kuti kukwera kwa mikangano ndi kugwa kwa mizere yofiira kwachititsa kuti pakhale kuphulika kwa mfundo zazikulu za ku Asia.

Ananenanso kuti zomwe zikuchitikazi zidapangitsa mayiko kufunafuna njira zina zofulumira, popeza India idayamba kugula mafuta ku Russia ndi Iran pambuyo pa kuyimitsidwa kwakanthawi kwa zilango, koma pamitengo yokwera, zomwe zikuwonetsa kukula kwa zovuta zomwe misika ikukumana nazo.

Zikuwonetsanso kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zasanduka chiwopsezo chowopsa, makamaka pakuwonjezeka kwa kusiyana kwa gasi, zomwe zidakakamiza mayiko ena monga Thailand, Bangladesh ndi Taiwan kuti abwerere kugwiritsa ntchito malasha ngati njira yadzidzidzi kuti atsimikizire kupitiliza kwachuma.

Amatsimikizira kuti kuwongolera mphamvu zamagetsi kwawonjezera zovuta zomwe zikuchitika, kufotokoza kuti China yayamba kuchoka ndikuwunikanso nkhokwe zake, pomwe Japan ili ndi nkhokwe yokwanira masiku pafupifupi 100, zomwe zimayika pansi pazovuta zanthawi.

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